On November 14, 2025, the Brazilian Federal Revenue Service (RFB) issued Normative Instruction No. 2,291, which fully updates the national reporting model for crypto-asset transactions, in force since 2019, in order to align it with the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF)—the international standard for automatic exchange of information established by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
This measure represents a significant step forward in aligning Brazil with international tax transparency practices, expanding cooperation mechanisms among tax authorities and strengthening efforts to combat tax evasion, money laundering, and the financing of illicit activities.
Normative Instruction RFB No. 2,291/2025 implements the CARF standard in Brazil, which has been adopted by more than 70 jurisdictions that are signatories to the Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters. As a result:
- The current crypto-asset reporting model will remain in force until June 30, 2026.
- As of July 2026, information must be submitted exclusively through the Crypto-Asset Declaration (DeCripto), accessed via e-CAC.
DeCripto replaces the previous system and fully reflects international requirements regarding standardization, level of detail, and traceability of crypto-asset transactions.
- Reporting Obligations: Maintenance of Existing Rules and Expansion to Foreign Service Providers
The new regulation preserves the reporting framework already known to taxpayers.
The following remain subject to mandatory monthly reporting:
- Exchanges domiciled in Brazil, regardless of transaction volume;
- Individuals and legal entities carrying out transactions without intermediation by Brazilian exchanges, provided that the monthly volume exceeds R$ 35,000 (previously R$ 30,000).
Relevant Addition: Foreign Crypto-Asset Service Providers
The Normative Instruction now also requires information to be provided by:
- Crypto-Asset Service Providers domiciled abroad, provided that they offer services to users located in Brazil.
This requirement derives from Article 11 of Law No. 14,754/2023 and ensures that tax transparency extends to transactions intermediated by global platforms, which historically have been subject to limited national tax supervision.
- Due Diligence and AML/KYC Controls as of January 2026
One of the central advances of Normative Instruction No. 2,291/2025 is the imposition, as of January 1, 2026, of mandatory due-diligence procedures, in line with the CARF standard, including:
- Identification and verification of user identity;
- Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing (AML) procedures;
- Know Your Customer (KYC) rules;
- Risk-based parameterization and continuous transaction monitoring mechanisms.
These requirements bring the crypto-asset sector closer to the controls applied to the traditional financial system and enhance the reliability of information exchanged with other jurisdictions.
- Scope of the Regulation: Absence of Taxation Provisions
It is important to emphasize that Normative Instruction RFB No. 2,291/2025 does not address the taxation of crypto-assets. Its purpose is exclusively to:
- Improve information flows;
- Standardize reporting;
- Enable automatic exchange of information with other countries;
- Strengthen instruments for the prevention of illicit activities.
The tax regime applicable to gains and income derived from crypto-assets remains governed by existing rules (Law No. 14,754/2023, IRPF/IRPJ regulations, etc.).
- Conclusion
The adoption of CARF places Brazil among the countries that apply high international tax-transparency standards. The implementation of DeCripto and the expansion of reporting obligations to foreign service providers represent structural advances that:
- Increase the traceability of crypto-asset transactions;
- Strengthen the fight against illicit practices;
- Expand international tax cooperation;
- Prepare the regulatory environment for the growing global integration of the crypto-asset market.
Companies in the sector, investors, and tax professionals should prepare for the new regulatory landscape, particularly with respect to AML/KYC procedures and the transition to the new reporting model by July 2026.